(1) 人稱代名詞主格(Nominative)和排列順序:
【觀念確認】做為句中主詞或主詞補語時,用主格;主詞會影響動詞的變化。Be動詞用於第一人稱單數主詞I(我)時,現在式必為am,第二人稱單數主詞You(你、妳),現在式必為are,第三人稱單數主詞He(他),She(她),It(它),現在式必為is;一般動詞現在式,在第三人稱單數主詞(He,She,It)後要加s或es;主詞為複數時,We(我們),You(你們),They(他們)無論人稱,Be動詞現在式一律使用are,一般動詞現在式,則使用動詞原形。
第一人稱主格:單數( I )、複數( We )
Be動詞 一般動詞
I am an English teacher. I teach English.
We are English teachers. We teach English.
第二人稱主格:單數( You )、複數( You )
Be動詞 一般動詞
You are an English teacher. You teach English.
You are English teachers. You teach English.
第三人稱主格:單數( He , She , It)、複數( They )
Be動詞 一般動詞
He is an English teacher. He teaches English.
They are English teachers. They teach English.
主詞依人稱排列順序單數時:You, he and I ( 2 , 3 and 1 )
複數時:We, you and they ( 1 , 2 and 3 )
You and I are both invited to the party.
We both are invited to the party.
(前句具強調意味,後句則有共識意味)
He and I are both invited to the party.
We both are invited to the party.
(前句具強調意味,後句則有共識意味)
You and he are both invited to the party.
You both are invited to the party.
(前句具強調意味,後句則有共識意味)
You, he and I are all invited to the party.
We all are invited to the party.
(前句具強調意味,後句則有共識意味)
We, you and they are all invited to the party.
We all are invited to the party.
(前句具強調意味,後句則有共識意味)
(2) 人稱代名詞受格及排列順序:
【觀念確認】做為句中受詞時,用受格;第一人稱單數受格為me(我),第二人稱受格單數為you(你、妳),第三人稱受格單數him(他),her(她),it(它)。第一人稱受格複數為us(我們),第二人稱受格複數為you(你們),第三人稱受格複數為them(他們)。受詞僅用於及物動詞和介繫詞之後。
第一人稱受格:單數( me )、複數( us )
及物動詞後的受詞 介繫詞後的受詞
My parents love me very much. My parents are proud of me.
Our teacher loves us very much. Our teacher is proud of us.
第二人稱受格:單數( you )、複數( you )
及物動詞後的受詞 介繫詞後的受詞
I will tell you the truth. I am looking forward to you.
They won’t tell you the truth. We are looking forward to you.
第三人稱受格:單數( him , her , it)、複數( them )
及物動詞後的受詞 介繫詞後的受詞
I don’t expect him to do that. There is no mercy in her.
I don’t expect them to do that. He is the best among them.
做為受詞時的排列順序
單數時 : you, him and me ( 2 , 3 and 1罕用)
複數時 : us, you and them ( 1 , 2 and 3罕用)
John invited both him and me.
John invited both of us.
(前句具強調意味,後句則有共識意味)
John invited both you and me.
John invited both of us.
(前句具強調意味,後句則有共識意味)
John invited you, him and me.
John invited all of us.
(前句具強調意味,後句則有共識意味)
John invited us, you and them.
John invited all of us.
(做為受詞時,前句的強調並無意義,口語上應用後句為宜)
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