陳思's 心英文法---英文心法

(6) 代名詞 It：雖被歸類於人稱代名詞，但一般只代替不是人的事物，包括時

間、距離、天氣以及其他狀況或不可數名詞。

表時間

It is 10 o’clock in the morning ( It = Now )
It is April 24th. ( It = Today )

It is too late. 時間：太晚；狀況：來不及

時間完整的寫法

表天氣 ( It = The weather )
It is hot in summer in Taipei.-------------------------------------台北夏天很熱

It is rigid in Antarctica.---------------------------------------------------南極酷寒

It rains/snows a lot in New York in May.-----------------紐約五月多雨/雪

=It is rainy/snowy in New York in May.

=There is a lot of rain/snow in New York in May.

=We/They have a lot of rain/snow in New York in May.

表狀況 (It = The circumstance )
It is dark without light at night.-----------------------------------晚上沒燈很暗

It is warm when the heater works.-----------------------當暖氣運轉就暖和了

It says “Keep off the grass”.-----------------------告示寫著“請勿踐踏草地”

    That’s it.-------------------------------------那樣做就對了；沒錯，正是如此

口語應用上與文法上的差異：
(應門時) A: Who is it? B: It’s me.(文法It’s I.才正確，口語習慣則用It’s me.)
(接電話) A: Who is this ? B: This is … speaking.(詢問答覆不用You，I)

表同一物 (代表前述之名詞)

This book is so interesting; I like it.------------------這書真有意思，我喜歡(它)

      The problem is hard, but I’ll solve it.------------這問題是有些難，不過我了解

      I like your cat; it is so cute.------------------------我喜歡你家的貓咪，牠好可愛
     This car is cool; I want to buy it.(同一輛車)
     This car is cool; I want to buy one. (不同一輛車)
與前述名詞不為同一物，則須用one；詳閱不定代名詞one

表距離 (代表後述之介詞片語)

搭飛機從台北到高雄大約需時兩小時

It is about an hour from Taipei to Kaohsiung by plane. (文法口語上皆正確)

From Taipei to Kaohsiung is about an hour by plane. (文法錯誤，口語可用)

※ 有些書籍謂介詞片語可做為主詞，即依此而生，改為問句便見真章 ※

How long is it from Taipei to Kaohsiung by plane?(正)

How long is from Taipei to Kaohsiung by plane?(誤)