陳思's 心英文法---英文心法

He asked me to do it.----------------------------------------------------是他要我去做的

= I was asked to do it (by him).

Mr. Chen led students to speak English.----------------------陳先生帶領學生說英語

= Students were led to speak English by Mr. Chen.

The police persuaded the hijackers to surrender.------------------警方說服劫匪投降

= The hijackers were persuaded to surrender by the police.

註 此類句型的不定詞，是為受詞的補語；並非受與動詞的直接受詞。

(2) 以下皆為連綴動詞，如同be動詞，其後可用不定詞做為補語。

seem 似乎是 appear 好像是，顯得  get 變成，變得

chance 偶然  happen 偶然，碰巧     come 成為，變成

grow 變成     turn out 變成…結果    prove 顯示出，證明是

You seem (to be) happy.----------------------------------------------------你似乎很幸福

= It seems that you are happy.

The children appear (to be) happy.----------------------------------孩子们看來很快樂

= It appears that the children are happy.

I happened to see the traffic accident, while driving.-------------無意間見到了車禍

= It happened that I saw the traffic accident while I was driving.

Unfortunately, the bad news proved to be true.--------------不幸地，噩耗證實為真

= Unfortunately, it proved that the bad news was true.

How did you come to know him?-----------------------------------你是怎麼認識他的?

= How did it come that you knew him.

Newton finally turned out to be a great scientist.------------牛頓成為偉大的科學家

= It turned out that Newton finally was a great scientist.

特例 turn out之後須用to + V，是少數的例外，介詞後加V-ing方為通則。

(3) 不定詞做為 make , think , find , believe , consider , regard , deem , take等連綴動詞之受詞時，通常會用it做為虛受詞，並將to + V 移到補語之後。

I make it a rule to do oral practice in English .---------我每天固定作英語口語練習

I think it better not to smoke in public.-----------------我認為不要在公共場所吸煙

I believe it better for you not to go there alone.--------------你還是別單獨去那兒吧

I found it difficult to get along with him.---------------------我覺得和他相處很辛苦

註 此類句型的固定型式為：主詞+動詞+ it + 補語 + 不定詞片語。

(4) 疑問詞 + 不定詞 = 名詞片語 ( What to + V = What … should/could V )

Can you tell me what to do?------------------------------------能告訴我要做什麼事嗎?

= Can you tell me what I can do?

I don’t know who to ask.------------------------------------------我不曉得去問誰才好

= I don’t know who I should ask.

He doesn’t know how to do it.------------------------------------------他不知如何是好

= He doesn’t know how he can do it.

whether to + V

I can’t decide whether to attend his party ( or not ).------------------我到底該不該去

= I can’t decide whether I should attend his party ( or not ).

(5) 虛主詞 It 之後必須用不定詞

(a) ( It is … for + 人 + to +V ) ( for + 人 表示事對人的性質 )

It is a piece of cake for me to solve the math problem.--------解這題數學小事一件

To solve such a math problem is a piece of cake for me.

Solving such a math problem is a piece of cake for me.

It is important for young people to study hard.----------用功對年輕人而言很重要

To study hard is important for young people.

Studying hard is important for young people.

(b) ( It is … of + 人 + to +V ) ( of +人 表示人的本質 )

It is so kind of you to lend me money.------------------------------你真好願意借我錢

It is so mean of you to say so.---------------------------------------你這麼說太惡毒了

註 此類表示人的本質的形容詞有 nice , kind , considerate , wise , silly , stupid , mean …等。